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Titanis
The huge carnivorous Titanis was one of a group of flightless
birds that rivalled mammals as top predators in South
America for millions of years. It probably hunted on open
plains, seizing prey with wings that had re-evolved digits
tipped with huge claws. |
Scientific name:Titanis
Size:2.5m (8 ft) tall
Diet:Meat
Habitat:Grassland
Where found:North America
Time: Tertiary and Quaternary
Related Species:Ameginornis,
Phorusrhacus |
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Saltasaurus
A fairly small titanosaurid, Saltasaurus had stocky limbs,
a whipash tail and bony studs set in the skin of its back
and sides. It probably ate low-growing ferns and maybe
browsed on tree leaves. |
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Scientific Name: Saltasaurus
Size: 12 m (40 ft) long
Diet: Plants
Habitat: Lowlands
Where found: South America
Time: Late Cretaceous |
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Edmontonia
Twice the weight of a large dinosaur, Edmontonia was one
of the largest and latest of the nodosaurids. Long, bony
spikes projecting from the shoulders were its main weapons,
and could have crippled an attacking tyrannosaur's leg. |
Scientific Name: Edmontonia
Size: 7 m (23 ft) long
Diet: Low-growing plants
Habitat: Open woodland
Where found: North America
Time: Late Cretaceous
Related species: Panoplosaurus,
Sauropelta |
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Camptosaurus
Camptosaurus had stout hind limbs, a vaguely horse-like
skull and a large, deep body. Features of its skull show
that it was well suited for cropping and chewing plant
material. The toothless beaks of the upper and lower jaws
were broad with sharp cutting edges. |
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Scientific Name: Camptosaurus
Size: 5 m (16 ft) long
Diet: Leaves
Habitat: Open woodlands
Where found: North America
and England
Time: Late Jurassic and
Early Cretaceous
Related species: Callovosaurus |
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Dinofelis
Dinofelis ("terrible cat") had enlarged canine teeth
halfway in between those of modern cats and the
flattened blades of sabre-tooths. It may have been
a powerful climber, like modern leopards and jaguars. |
Scientific Name: Dinofelis
Size: 2.2 m (7 ft) long
Diet: Deer, antelopes, apes, other mammals
Habitat: Woodlands
Where found: Europe, Asia, Africa, North America
Time: Plicene (5.3 - 1 MYA) and Pleistocene (1.75 - 0.01 MYA) |
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Dire Wolf
A large wolf from North America, its fossils are
best known from the Rancho La Brea tar pits in California.It
is thought that these wolves went to feed on animals
trapped in the tar and then became trapped themselves. |
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Scientific Name: Canis Diris
Size: 2 m (6 ft 6 in) long
Diet: large mammals and other animals, carrion, possibly fruits and nuts
Habitat: Grasslands and Woodlands
Where found: North America and northern South America |
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Uintah Beast
The largest dinoceratan ("terrible-horned" mammal),
Uintatherium was as big as a white rhino. It was
named in 1872 after the Uintah Native Americans
of Utah. How they related to other mammals is in
dispute. They have similarities with some of the
South American hoofed mammals. |
Scientific Name: Uintatherium
Size: 3.5 m (11 ft) long
Diet: Leaves, fruit, waterplants
Habitat: Forests
Where found: North America
Time: Eocene (53 - 33.7 MYA)
Related species: Eobasileus, Tetheopsis |
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Big Llama
In the Tertiary and early Quaternary, South America
was home to a range of unusual hoofed mammals. Macrauchenia
("big llama") was about the same size as a modern
camel and had stocky limbs and three-toed feet.
It is most famous for its nostrils, located high
on top of its head. Some experts think this shows
it had a short trunk, but others dispute this. |
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Scientific Name: Machauchenia
Size: 3 m (10 ft) long
Diet: Leaves and grasses
Habitat: Grasslands
Where found: South America
Time: Pleistocene
Related species: Windhausenia, Promacrauchenia |
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